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through the enzyme cascade of SOD and CAT. This alleviates hypoxia, prevents oxidative damage, and restores the balance between pro-inflammatory M1 and anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages, reducing inflammation and immune dysfunction. TPP-SAT breaks the "ROS-inflammation-hypoxia" cycle, inhibits alveolar bone resorption, and accelerates periodontal tissue regeneration. This approach offers a promising strategy for treating periodontitis and other chronic inflammatory diseases, with strong clinical potential.
Zheng et al. (Fri,) studied this question.