Chemical Components and Their α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity from the Leaves of Ficus carica Linn.

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Nineteen compounds were purified from leaves of Ficus carica Linn.using various separation techniques such as recrystallization, column chromatography filled with silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and MCI, and semi-preparative HPLC.By analysis of NMR, MS, and data comparison with those reported from literatures, their structures were identified as umbelliferone (1), psoralen (2), furopinnarin (3), 6,7-furanohydrocoumaric acid ( 4), (E)-3-[5-(6-hydroxy) benzofuranyl] propenoic acid ( 5), (E)-3-(6-hydroxy-4-methoxy-5benzofuranyl) propenoic acid (6), nodakenetin (7), oxypeucedanin hydrate (8), dihydrofurocoumarin ( 9), (E)-4hydroxy-3,3,5-trimethy1-4-(3-oxobu-1-en-1-yl)-cyclohexan-1-one (10), dehydrovomifoliol (11), 4,5dihydroblumenol A (12), blumenol A (13), 5-hydroxy-4′,7-dimethoxyisoflavone ( 14), cajanin (15), loliolide ( 16), indole-3-carboxaldehyde ( 17), 1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (18), vitamin E quinone (19).Their αglucosidase inhibitory activities were evaluated by IC50 values.Compounds 15 and 19 showed obvious αglucosidase inhibitory activity with IC50 of 71.1±1.56 µM and 49.3 µM±1.21,respectively, and by the kinetics of enzymatic reaction, the inhibition type by which compound 15 acting against α-glucosidase was inferred as anticompetitive.Moreover, preliminary structure-activity relationship was recapticulated from the tested compounds.