P-Cloud5GC: Innovative 5G Core Architecture on Public Cloud with Scalability and Fault Tolerance

The rapid growth of mobile networks and the need for resilient infrastructure pose challenges to the scalability and fault tolerance of the mobile core network (CN). This study presents Premature-Cloud5GC (P-Cloud5GC), a novel 5G CN architecture designed for public cloud environments. Extending the serverless control plane design of Cloud5GC, P-Cloud5GC incorporates user plane functionality and web-application-based technologies to improve scalability, session management, and fault isolation. Using serverless computing, distributed messaging, and cloud-native databases, P-Cloud5GC deploys a micro Mobile Core per UE procedure, preventing large-scale failures and enhancing redundancy. Performance evaluation during PDU session setup shows that P-Cloud5GC can handle a sufficient volume of UE connection requests within practical time constraints. This work demonstrates the viability of cloud-based mobile core networks, offering a scalable, fault-tolerant, and costeffective alternative to traditional 3GPP-based 5G cores.