Rosa roxburghii Tratt is recognized as an edible and medicinal plant valued for its nutritional and medicinal properties. Polysaccharides are among its key bioactive constituents. A homogeneous polysaccharide, designated RTW-1, was extracted and purified from the fruit of Rosa roxburghii Tratt. Its molecular mass was determined by HPLC to be 2.16 × 103 kDa. Monosaccharide composition and methylation analysis showed that RTW-1 is mainly composed of glucose, arabinose, and galacturonic acid in a molar ratio of 1.00:0.48:0.74. The uronic acid content was measured as 55.21%, and the degree of esterification was 58.30%. The glycosidic linkages identified included (→2,3,4)-Manp-(1→, →4)-Arap-(1→, →4)-GalAp-(1→, T-Rhap, →4)-Glcp-(1→, and (→2,3,4)-Xylp-(1→). Shear-thinning behavior was revealed by rheological analysis. At 30 mg/mL, the thixotropic loop area reached 143.8 Pa/s, which was 20 times higher than that at 12 mg/mL. In RAW264.7 macrophages, cell proliferation was promoted by RTW-1. At 80 μg/mL, phagocytic activity was increased by 88%, and NO production was enhanced by 3.1-fold. Concentration-dependent upregulation of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-10 mRNA expression was observed by qRT-PCR, with maximum increases of 3.2-, 4.1-, 2.8-, and 2.5-fold, respectively. In conclusion, RTW-1 possesses favorable gel-forming and immunostimulatory properties and shows potential for promoting intestinal immune activity, suggesting its promise as a functional food ingredient.
Cui et al. (Fri,) studied this question.
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