Hemodynamic Modeling and Phase‐Adjustable Reconstruction of Hyperpolarized Cardiac 13 C MRS Using 1 H Cine and ECG Timing

PURPOSE: C]pyruvate and to develop a cardiac phase-adjustable reconstruction framework. METHODS: C MRS. RESULTS: > 0.978), separating LV, RV, and recirculation components and estimating pulmonary transit times consistent with image-based measurements. Retrospective phase correction enabled reconstruction of dynamic HP pyruvate timecourses aligned to specific cardiac phases. CONCLUSION: We present a volume-guided hemodynamic modeling and reconstruction framework that corrects cardiac phase misalignment. This approach improves quantitative robustness across varying heart rates and is applicable to both ECG-gated and nongated acquisitions.