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This research aims to evaluate how interlayer reinforcement affects the structural performance of 3D-printed concrete prisms.

Effect of interlayer reinforcement on the axial cyclic behaviour of RC prisms with 3D-printed formwork: experimental testing and analytical model

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Experimental testing of 3D-printed prisms with interlayer reinforcement reveals improved structural capacity and ductility.

This research aims to evaluate how interlayer reinforcement affects the structural performance of 3D-printed concrete prisms.
Nine prism specimens tested under uniaxial tension-compression cyclic loading: three cast concrete (CC), three basic printed (PBC), and three printed with interlayer stirrups (PSC).
PBC and PSC shells produced using limestone calcined clay cement-based mortar, while CC prisms used conventional concrete mix.
Interlayer stirrups placed every five layers during the printing process.
PBC specimens had peak load-bearing capacities 47% higher than CC prisms; PSC were 36% higher.
PSC exhibited 35% greater ductility than both CC and PBC, with a shift to compression-dominated failure mode.
Analytical model reliably predicted the cyclic response of printed-formwork prisms.

Juncal et al. (2026) studied this question.

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