Psychosocial and Behavioral Correlates of Self-Rated Health in Psychiatric Outpatients and Community Adults

Objective This study aimed to identify psychosocial and behavioral factors influencing self-rated health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in psychiatric and community settings.Methods Cross-sectional data were collected from 128 psychiatric outpatients and 500 general population participants. HRQoL was measured using the EuroQol Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-VAS). Psychological and behavioral variables included the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Separate stepwise multiple linear regression analyses were conducted for each group to identify factors associated with EQ-VAS scores.Results In the psychiatric sample, sleep quality and family cohabitation were positively associated with HRQoL. In the general population, HRQoL was significantly related to depressive symptoms, resilience, comorbidity burden, body mass index, sleep quality, and morningness preference. Each group showed a distinct pattern of associations, reflecting their respective psychosocial contexts.Conclusion Results indicate that HRQoL is affected by a complex interplay of emotional, behavioral, and environmental factors, which vary by population. Interventions to improve subjective health may benefit from addressing sleep and social support in psychiatric clinical settings, and broader lifestyle and emotional health in community contexts.