Key result
Mind-body interventions outperform combined and aerobic exercise in reducing arterial stiffness.
Why the study?
Physical exercise reduces arterial stiffness, but the comparative effectiveness of different exercise types on arterial stiffness in adults remains unclear.
Do different types of physical exercise improve arterial stiffness as measured by pulse wave velocity in adults?
Meta-Analysis (n=1,758)
Do different types of physical exercise improve arterial stiffness as measured by pulse wave velocity in adults?
Mind-body, combined, aerobic, and interval training exercises effectively reduce arterial stiffness in adults, with mind-body interventions showing the greatest effect.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Supports prioritizing mind-body interventions in exercise prescriptions to reduce arterial stiffness; extends RCT evidence by ranking modalities via network meta-analysis.
AIMS: Physical exercise has been associated with a reduction in arterial stiffness, a subclinical process underlying cardiovascular disease. However, the effect of different types of exercise (aerobic, resistance, combined, interval training, stretching, or mind-body modalities) on arterial stiffness is unclear. This network meta-analysis aimed to examine the effectiveness of different types of exercise on arterial stiffness as measured by pulse wave velocity in adults. METHODS AND RESULTS: We searched Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, MEDLINE (via Pubmed), Embase, and Web of Science databases, for randomized clinical trials including at least a comparison group, from their inception to 30 June 2020. A frequentist network meta-analysis was performed to compare the effect of different types of physical exercise on arterial stiffness as measured by pulse wave velocity. Finally, 35 studies, with a total of 1125 participants for exercise intervention and 633 participants for the control group, were included. In the pairwise meta-analyses, the exercises that improved arterial stiffness were: interval training [effect size (ES) 0.37; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.01-0.73], aerobic exercise (ES 0.30; 95% CI 0.13-0.48) and combined exercise (ES 0.22; 95% CI 0.04-0.40). Furthermore, the network meta-analysis showed that mind-body interventions were the most effective type of exercise to reduce the pulse wave velocity (ES 0.86; 95% CI 0.04-1.69). In addition, combined exercise (ES 0.35; 95% CI 0.08-0.62), aerobic exercise (ES 0.33; 95% CI 0.09-0.57), and interval training (ES 0.33; 95% CI 0.02-0.64) showed significant improvements. CONCLUSION: Our findings showed that aerobic exercise, combined exercise, interval training, and mind-body exercises were the most effective exercise modalities for reducing arterial stiffness, assuming an important role in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
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Saz‐Lara et al. (2021) conducted a meta-analysis in Arterial stiffness (n=1,758). Physical exercise (aerobic, resistance, combined, interval training, stretching, or mind-body) vs. Control group was evaluated on Arterial stiffness as measured by pulse wave velocity (ES 0.86, 95% CI 0.04-1.69). Mind-body interventions were the most effective exercise modality to reduce arterial stiffness measured by pulse wave velocity (ES 0.86; 95% CI 0.04-1.69), followed by combined and aerobic exercise.
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