Organic Waste Used for Monolithic Wall Construction in Low-Rise Buildings

This study presents a production technology for monolithic three-layer walls incorporating thermal insulation based on organic waste materials, such as hemp chaff, to enhance sustainability in low-rise construction. Key materials include Portland cement M400, calcium chloride additives, and organic fillers compliant with GOST 19222, prepared in forced-action mixers for at least 8 minutes. Wall formation utilizes large-panel formwork with hinged sections, enabling horizontal pouring of layers: inner heavy concrete (100 mm for external walls), wood-cement insulation (160 mm for external walls, density up to 500 kg/m³, strength B0.35–B1), and outer protective concrete (40 mm for external walls). Compaction involves vibrators and tampers, with curing under natural conditions at an air temperature of at least 15°C and 60–80% humidity, reaching approximately 50% design strength in three days at 18–25°C.