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May 14, 2026Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports2 citations

Brain Endurance Training Modulates Structure–Function Coupling and Enhances Soccer‐Specific Performance: A Multimodal MRI Study

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JLJinyu LiuBaylor UniversityTZTing ZhouState Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of ChinaJCJie CheAir Force Medical University

Key Points

  • This research aims to investigate how brain endurance training affects neural efficiency and performance in soccer.
  • Participants underwent brain endurance training while their brain activity was monitored using MRI.
  • Analyses focused on structure-function coupling changes in specific brain regions related to motor control and executive functions.
  • Behavioral performance was assessed in relation to structural and functional brain changes.
  • Increased structure-function coupling in critical motor and executive regions (e.g., DLPFC, caudate) with p < 0.05.
  • Positive correlation between coupling changes and behavioral improvements in soccer-related tasks.
  • Overall enhancement in soccer-specific performance linked to neuroplastic adaptations in the brain.

Abstract

= 0.07), whereas heart rate and blood lactate remained stable. MRI analyses revealed increased SC-FC coupling within executive and motor-related regions (e.g., DLPFC, IPL, caudate, Crus I) and decreased coupling within default mode and association areas (e.g., angular gyrus, pSTG; all p < 0.05, FDR-corrected). These coupling changes were significantly correlated with behavioral improvements, indicating that BET enhanced the neural efficiency of executive-motor networks. Overall, BET drives targeted neuroplasticity by strengthening the alignment between structural and functional brain systems that support attention, motor control, and fatigue regulation, translating into measurable gains in soccer-specific performance.

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Cite This Study

Liu et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a05684ea550a87e60a20c3chttps://doi.org/10.1111/sms.70301
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