Unlocking potential and challenges of MOFs and COFs based energy materials for CO2 reduction and H2 production

Green H 2 generation and CO 2 capture provide the captivating aspirations for environmental remediation to acquire carbon neutral prospects. Albeit, actualization and extensibility of these technologies need effective catalytic systems to enhance the performances of H 2 evolution reaction (HER) and CO 2 reduction reaction (CO 2 RR). MOFs and COFs are the fascinating functional compounds possessing porous structures which reveal tunable surface property and tremendous specific surface area . This review article intimates with the remarkable characteristics of MOFs/COFs and current achievements in the field of heterogeneous catalysis that can proffer exceptional photocatalytic and electrocatalytic activity specifically towards CO 2 RR and HER for scalable sustainable endeavors. The prudent choices of fabrication methods to achieve cost-efficient catalytic maneuvers have been detailed in the light of recent methodological advances. In the contemplation of understanding reaction mechanism and viability of MOFs/COFs based energy operations, the recent growth in their theoretical modelling and techno-economic assessments have been extensively discussed and finally the future perspectives have been presented to highlight the scope of improvement coherently. This review will act as a felicitous medium for promoting MOF and COF based catalytic systems towards energy-conversion applications with utilizable cognizance for future energy technologies. • Remarkable characteristics and current achievements in heterogeneous catalysis . • Prudent choice of fabrication methods to achieve cost-efficient catalytic maneuvers. • Photo/electro-chemical CO 2 sequestration and H 2 evolution activity. • Understanding reaction mechanism and viability in energy operations. • Theoretical modelling and techno-economic assessments.