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We analyze elementary properties of exciton and polariton lasers --- devices that generate coherent optical and matter waves using final-state stimulation of exciton-phonon scattering. First we discuss the relation between the conditions for the onset of equilibrium and nonequilibrium excitonic condensates. Provided that the thermal de Broglie wavelength ₓ exceeds the exciton Bohr radius a₁, an exciton laser operates without electronic population inversion. In contrast to previous proposals, this is a different type of laser without inversion which utilizes many-body coherences. When the excitonic character of the polariton branch vanishes, a polariton laser becomes indistinguishable from a photon laser. 1996 The American Physical Society.
̄lu et al. (Sat,) studied this question.
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