A fat-reduced diet rich in fruit, vegetables, nuts, and grains significantly reduced total mortality (10.3% vs 18.8%, p<0.01) and cardiac events (24.5% vs 40.6%, p<0.001) at one year post-MI.
RCT (n=406)
Single-blind
No
Absolute Event Rate: 10.3% vs 18.8%
p-value: p=<0.01
OBJECTIVE: To test whether a fat reduced diet rich in soluble dietary fibre, antioxidant vitamins, and minerals reduces complications and mortality after acute myocardial infarction. DESIGN: Randomised, single blind, controlled trial. SETTING: Primary and secondary care research centre for patients with myocardial infarction. SUBJECTS: 505 patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction. Those with definite or possible acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina based on World Health Organisation criteria were assigned to diet A (n = 204) or diet B (n = 202) within 24-48 hours of infarction. INTERVENTIONS: Both groups were advised to follow a fat reduced diet. Group A was also advised to eat more fruit, vegetables, nuts, and grain products. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Mortality from cardiac disease and other causes. Serum lipid concentrations and compliance with diet. RESULTS: Blood lipoprotein concentrations and body weight fell significantly in patients in group A compared with those in group B (cholesterol fell by 0.74 mmol/l in group A v 0.32 mmol/l in group B, 95% confidence interval of difference 0.14 to 0.70, and weight by 7.1 v 3.0 kg, 0.52 to 7.68). The incidence of cardiac events was significantly lower in group A than group B (50 v 82 patients, p less than 0.001). Group A also had lower total mortality (21 v 38 died, p less than 0.01) than group B. CONCLUSIONS: Comprehensive dietary changes in conjunction with weight loss immediately after acute myocardial infarction may modulate blood lipoproteins and significantly reduce complications and mortality after one year.
Singh et al. (Sat,) conducted a rct in Acute myocardial infarction (n=406). Fat reduced diet rich in fruit, vegetables, nuts, and grain products vs. Fat reduced diet only was evaluated on Mortality from cardiac disease and other causes (p=<0.01). A fat-reduced diet rich in fruit, vegetables, nuts, and grains significantly reduced total mortality (10.3% vs 18.8%, p<0.01) and cardiac events (24.5% vs 40.6%, p<0.001) at one year post-MI.