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Single-layer polymer light-emitting diodes are fabricated using poly (9,9′-dioctylfluorene)-co- benzothiadiazole (F8BT) as the emissive layer in contact with metal oxide injection layers ITO/ZnO/Cs2CO3/F8BT/MoO3/Au. Luminous efficiencies of up to 23 cd A−1 are achieved for polymer layer thicknesses near 1 μm.
Kabra et al. (2010) studied this question.