Semiconductor Nanomaterials, Methods and Applications

Semiconductor Nanomaterials, Methods and Applications” A semiconductor is a material that has on electrical conductivity between a Conductor and on insulator. They are called Semiconductors. Carbon, Silicon and Germanium are a few examples of Semiconductor. In Semiconductor the outermost (Valence) electrons are neither so rigidly bound with the atom as in an insulators nor so loosely as in conductor. When the size of semiconductor materials is reduced to nanoscale, their physical and chemical properties change drastically, resulting in unique properties due to their large surface area or quantum size effect. Currently, semiconductor nanomaterials and devices are still in the research stage, but they are promising for applications in many fields, such as solar cells, nanoscale electronic devices, light-emitting nano devices, laser technology, waveguide, chemicals and biosensors. Further development of nanotechnology will certainly lead to significant breakthroughs in the semiconductor industry. This paper deals with the some of the current initiatives and critical issues in the improvement of semiconductors based on nanostructures and nanodevices.