Gender-Based Clinical, Therapeutic Strategies and Prognosis Differences in Atrial Fibrillation

Figures

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  Figure 1. Flow chart representing the total sample after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. AF = atrial fibrillation; ER = emergency room.

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  Figure 2. Total hospitalization percentage of index episodes. IMD = internal medicine department; CD = cardiology department.

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  Figure 3. Percentage of patients with AF who underwent electrical cardioversion (ECV) and effectiveness by gender. ECV1 = first ECV.

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  Figure 4. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis curves for HF-related hospitalization by gender. HF = heart failure.

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  Figure 5. Hazard ratio and 95% CI in multivariate Cox regression analysis for HF-related hospitalizations. Marked in red, female gender has an independent effect on this end-point. Abbreviations: AMI = acute myocardial infarction; CKD = chronic kidney disease; CI = confidence interval; DCM = dilated cardiomyopathy; HCM = hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; HF = heart failure; HR = hazard ratio; HTN = arterial hypertension; T2DM = type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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  Figure 6. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis curve for all-cause mortality.

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  Figure 7. Hazard ratio and 95% CI in multivariate Cox regression analysis on all-cause mortality. Marked with a red circle, female gender has an independent effect on this end-point. Abbreviations: AMI = acute myocardial infarction; CKD = chronic kidney disease; CI = confidence interval; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DCM = dilated cardiomyopathy; HF = heart failure; HR = hazard ratio; HTN = arterial hypertension; PAD = peripheral artery disease; T2DM = type 2 diabetes mellitus.