Surface states on reconstructed diamond (111)

With the use of angle-resolved photoemission with synchrotron radiation, surface states on the (2×{}1)/(2×{}2) reconstructed diamond (111) surface are characterized. These states cover an energy range of about 2 eV and exhibit maximum emission intensity at 1 eV below the valence-band maximum in normal emission (i.e., at the center Γ of the surface Brillouin zone). The symmetry is determined to be Λ₁(s,pz-like) by using polarization selection rules. For off-normal emission an upwards energy dispersion by about 1 eV is seen. This behavior is similar to the energy position, dispersion, and symmetry of surface states on the Si(111)-(2×{}1) cleavage plane and in contrast with the momentum distribution of the π band of graphite which is peaked at the boundary of the surface Brillouin zone.