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This research aims to analyze the growth performance and factors affecting total factor productivity (TFP) of major millets in India.

May 16, 2026Plant Science TodayOpen Access

Dynamics of total factor productivity of millets in India

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This research aims to analyze the growth performance and factors affecting total factor productivity (TFP) of major millets in India.
Examined TFP of sorghum, pearl millet, and ragi using timeseries data from 2010–11 to 2021–22
Employed Divisia–Tornqvist indices to calculate output and input indices
Utilized regression analysis to evaluate productivity determinants.
Negative TFP growth was observed for sorghum and pearl millet in most states, while ragi showed positive growth in Karnataka (2.4%) and Odisha (1.4%)
Public expenditure significantly improved TFP for sorghum in Andhra Pradesh (0.03) and Tamil Nadu (0.11) and for pearl millet in Gujarat (0.10) and Maharashtra (0.01)
Cropping intensity positively affected sorghum TFP in Karnataka (3.96) and Maharashtra (0.53).

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Randomized trial examines total factor productivity growth in major millets, indicating key factors for improvement.

Anuradha et al. (2026) studied this question.

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