Why No Left-Authoritarian Parties?

The puzzle posed by the lack of viable parties in Western democracies in the left-authoritarian quadrant of a two-dimensional space likely has demand- as well as supply-side explanations. This paper focuses on the demand side and argues that left-authoritarian voters are internally divided by the extent to which they combine two distinct non-economic preferences: views on the socio-political order (libertarian vs. authoritarian) and views on immigration (cosmopolitan vs. nativist). Leftwing citizens holding the resulting three preference bundles – left-authoritarian-nativist, left-libertarian-nativist, and left-authoritarian-cosmopolitan – have distinct and predictable partisan leanings. This complicates party entry into the left-authoritarian quadrant. Furthermore, existing parties can try to preempt party entry by appealing to a subset of left-authoritarian citizens. Nevertheless, the lack of left-authoritarian parties is likely a fleeting historical phenomenon.