Effect of hyaluronic acid-enriched transfer medium on pregnancy outcomes in frozen embryo transfer cycles: A retrospective study

Objective: To compare pregnancy outcomes between a hyaluronic acid (HA)-enriched transfer medium and a conventional HA-free transfer medium in frozen embryo transfer cycles. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study at Hung Vuong Hospital including frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles performed between May 2023 and February 2025. Cycles were classified according to the transfer medium used: HA-enriched EmbryoGlue (EG) versus Continuous Single Culture-NX Complete (CSCM-NXC). Outcomes included positive human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), clinical pregnancy, ongoing pregnancy, live birth, and pregnancy loss. Results: A total of 840 FET cycles were analyzed (EG, n =445; CSCM-NXC, n =395). Pregnancy outcomes were comparable between groups. Use of EG was not associated with higher rates of positive hCG (40.67% vs. 41.77%) or live birth (27.87% vs. 28.86%). Adjusted analyses similarly showed that transfer medium type was not associated with positive hCG [adjusted odds ratios (a OR ) 0.92, 95% CI 0.69-1.22] or live birth (aOR 0.92, 95% CI 0.67-1.25). Conclusions: In this retrospective cohort, use of an HA-enriched transfer medium was not associated with improved pregnancy outcomes in FET cycles.