Imaging Features and Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Analysis of Endolymphatic Sac Tumor in the Temporal Bone: A Case Report and Literature Review

Objectives: Share clinical experience in the diagnosis and treatment of endolymphatic sac tumor (ELST). Case Report: This article reported a case of a 53-year-old female patient with ELST and described her imaging features, surgical findings, and pathologic characteristics. A mass was found in the petrous portion of the left temporal bone with surrounding bone destruction on computed tomography (CT). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a heterogeneous lesion in the left cerebellopontine angle region. On T1-weighted imaging (T1WI), the lesion demonstrated an isointense or hypointense central area with peripheral hyperintensity. On T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), it exhibited mixed isointense or high signals with internal linear hypointense strands. The tumor showed an isointense signal on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and demonstrated marked enhancement on contrast-enhanced MRI. The patient underwent surgical resection, and histopathologic examination confirmed ELST. Conclusions: When imaging of a mass in the cerebellopontine angle reveals a high-signal intensity surrounding the lesion on T1WI, physicians should be highly vigilant for ELST.