Voynich Manuscript (MS 408): LESE-EIA: A Pharmaceutical Notation System in the Tradition of al-Kindi, Arnau de Vilanova and Ramon Llull.

The Voynich Manuscript (MS 408, Beinecke Yale, C14: 1404–1438) has resisted decipherment forover a century. This work proposes that the Voynich text is a combinatorial pharmaceuticalnotation system in the tradition of al-Kindi (De Gradibus, 9th c.), Arnau de Vilanova(Aphorismi de Gradibus, c. 1300) and Ramon Llull (Ars Magna, 1308). The hypothesis assignspharmaceutical functions to EVA prefixes: ch-* = QUALITAS (hot/cold quality), qo-* = DOSIS(dose/quantity), ct-* = OPERATIO (preparation type); and to suffixes: the count of "i" encodes thepharmaceutical grade following al-Kindi (Gradus I–4). The LESE-EIA framework is applied to 6independent EVA corpora (ZL_ivtff_2b.txt, Zandbergen-Landini 2022, 37,601 tokens; and 5transcribers from LSI_ivtff_0d.txt, Stolfi 1998, 4,256–38,257 tokens each). Verified results:Zipf R² = 0.9683 (95% CI: [0.9501, 0.9765]); Grade II/I = 1.910 (95% CI: [1.664, 2.215]);ch-* = 16.2% overall; daiin = #1 in line-finals (139/5,294 = 2.6%); Balneological Anomaly(Grade I > Grade II, ratio 0.844). 8/16 falsifiable predictions confirmed on real ZL corpus (50%);deterministic LESE score 0.923/1.000. New analysis: f116v contains Latin-alphabet marginalia(not Voynich) with at least 5 codicological layers; the term "michiton" belongs to this marginalia,not to the main Voynich text.