Key result
Non-functioning adrenal incidentalomas are linked to ~87% higher hypertension prevalence alongside metabolic risks.
Why the study?
Does the presence of non-functioning adrenal incidentalomas increase the prevalence of cardiometabolic comorbidities and cardiovascular events compared to matched subjects without adrenal incidentalomas?
Meta-Analysis (n=4,716)
Does the presence of non-functioning adrenal incidentalomas increase the prevalence of cardiometabolic comorbidities and cardiovascular events compared to matched subjects without adrenal incidentalomas?
Odds Ratio: 1.87 (95% CI 1.39–2.51)
Patients with non-functioning adrenal incidentalomas have a significantly higher prevalence of arterial hypertension, prediabetes/diabetes, and metabolic syndrome, suggesting a need for active cardiometabolic screening in this population.
OBJECTIVE: Recent studies investigated the prevalence of arterial hypertension (AH), diabetes mellitus (DM) and/or prediabetes, dyslipidemia (DL), metabolic syndrome (MS) and cardiovascular events (CVE) in patients with non-functioning adrenal incidentalomas (NFAI). We aimed to investigate the available literature to determine the prevalence of AH, DM, DM and/or prediabetes (Composite DM, C-DM), DL, MS and CVE in patients with NFAI as compared to patients without adrenal incidentalomas (AI). DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: A meta-analysis was performed using studies that evaluated the prevalence of AH, DM, C-DM, DL, MS and CVE in patients with NFAI versus matched subjects without AI. A random-effects model (DerSimonian and Laird) was used to calculate the pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% Confidence Interval (95%CI) for each outcome. RESULTS: Among the 36 available studies, 19 studies provided the necessary data (4716 subjects, mean age 57.6 ± 4.6). The association between AH, DM, C-DM, DL, MS and CVE was reported in 18 (4546 subjects), 7 (1743 subjects), 5 (4315 subjects), 11 (3820 subjects), 8 (1170 subjects) and 5 (2972 subjects), respectively. The presence of NFAI was associated with AH (OR 1.87, 95%CI 1.39-2.51), C-DM (OR 2.04, 95%CI 1.70-2.45) and MS (OR 2.89, 95%CI 1.93-4.32), but not with DM, DL and CVE. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with NFAI have higher prevalence of AH, C-DM and MS than control subjects without NFAI.
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Favero et al. (2024) conducted a meta-analysis in Non-functioning adrenal incidentalomas (n=4,716). Non-functioning adrenal incidentalomas vs. Matched subjects without adrenal incidentalomas was evaluated on Arterial hypertension (AH) (OR 1.87, 95% CI 1.39-2.51). Non-functioning adrenal incidentalomas were associated with a higher prevalence of arterial hypertension (OR 1.87; 95% CI 1.39-2.51), composite diabetes, and metabolic syndrome compared to controls.
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