Serum Anti-Heart and Anti-Intercalated Disk Autoantibodies: Novel Autoimmune Markers in Cardiac Sarcoidosis

Figures

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  Figure 1. Anti-heart autoantibody (AHA) and anti-intercalated disk autoantibody (AIDA) patterns by indirect immunofluorescence test. Negative AHA and AIDA control serum pattern (A) on human heart tissue (negative (×400)) and (B) on human skeletal muscle (negative (×200)). Organ-specific AHA pattern (C) on human heart tissue (strong cytoplasmic and striational staining of cardiac myocytes (organ-specific AHA pattern) (×400)) and (D) on human skeletal muscle tissue (negative (×200)). Organ-specific AHA and AIDA pattern: (E) strong linear staining of the intercalated disks (AIDA pattern) and associated weak organ-specific AHA pattern (×400) and (F) on human skeletal muscle tissue (negative (×200)).

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  Figure 2. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of AHA testing in cardiac sarcoidosis. 1 = considering cross-reactive, partially Specific (p-OS) and organ-specific (OS) AHA patterns as a positive result (sensitivity (SE) = 86.2%; specificity (SP) = 91.8%); 2 = considering p-OS and OS as a positive result (SE = 86.2%; SP = 95.6%); 3 = considering only OS as a positive result (SE = 79.3%; SP = 98.4%).