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Islet transplantation marks a new frontier in diabetes treatment, with considerable application potential in both Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Recent advances in MSC-based drug research have demonstrated that MSCs not only support islet cell viability and modulate immune responses, but also serve as a source for bioactive factors and therapeutic agents. This review explores the mechanisms by which MSCs contribute to islet repair and regeneration, and highlights ongoing efforts to translate these biological insights into pharmaceutical solutions. By outlining current progress and future directions, this review first constructs a synergistic framework for MSCs-islet transplantation and explores the potential of spatiotemporal dynamic regulation in enhancing islet engraftment. This conceptual framework aims to guide the development of MSC-derived or MSC-enhanced therapeutics to improve the success and durability of islet restoration in diabetes treatment.
Liu et al. (Mon,) studied this question.
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