His-Purkinje system pacing versus biventricular pacing in clinical efficacy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Figures

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  Fig. 1. Flowchart of database search and study identification

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  Fig. 2. Quality judgements about each risk of bias item presented as percentages across three RCT studies

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  Fig. 3. Forest plot of mean difference (MD) of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) on QRS duration (QRSd) decrease in different groups. Net changes in QRSd were estimated by comparing BVP with HPSP. Squares indicate the effect size of a study, with a 95% CI; and diamonds indicate the overall effect size of all studies combined

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  Fig. 4. Forest plot of the effect of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) on left ventricular function and New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional classification improvement in different groups. Net changes in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (A); left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD) (B); and NYHA functional classification (C) were estimated by comparing HPSP with BVP. Squares indicate the effect size of a study, with a 95% CI; and diamonds indicate the overall effect size of all studies combined

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  Fig. 5. Forest plot of the effect of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) on threshold change in different groups. Net changes in threshold change were estimated by comparing BVP with LBBaP and HBP

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  Fig. 6. Forest plot of odds ratio (OR) on cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) response in different groups. echocardiographic response (A); clinical response (B); and super clinical response (C) were estimated by comparing HPSP with BVP. Squares indicate the effect size of a study, with a 95% CI; and diamonds indicate the overall effect size of all studies combined

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  Fig. 7. Forest plot of odds ratio (OR) on rehospitalization and all-cause mortality in different groups. The hospitalization rate of HF (A) and all-cause mortality clinical response (B) were estimated by comparing HPSP with BVP. Squares indicate the effect size of a study, with a 95% CI; and diamonds indicate the overall effect size of all studies combined