Efficacy of a home blood pressure monitoring programme on therapeutic compliance in hypertension: the EAPACUM–HTA study

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of a programme of home blood pressure measurement (HBPM) on therapeutic compliance in mild-to-moderate hypertension. DESIGN: A prospective controlled multicentre clinical trial. SETTING: Forty primary care centres in Spain, with a duration of 6 months. PATIENTS: A total of 250 patients with newly diagnosed or uncontrolled hypertension were included. INTERVENTIONS: The patients were randomly selected and distributed in two groups: (1) the control group (CG) who received standard health intervention; (2) the intervention group (IG): the patients in this group received an OMRON in their homes for a programme of HBPM. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Four visits were scheduled, for the measurement of blood pressure (BP). They were provided with an electronic monitor for measuring compliance (monitoring events medication system; MEMS). Therapeutic compliance was defined as a drug consumption of 80-110%. A number of variables were calculated using the MEMS. The mean BP were calculated and the percentage of controlled patients. RESULTS: A total of 200 patients completed the study (100 in each group). Compliance was observed in 74 and 92%, respectively, in the CG and IG [95% confidence interval (CI) 63.9-84.1 and 86.7-97.3; P = 0.0001], the mean percentage compliances were 87.6 and 93.5% (95% CI 81.2-94 and 80.7-98.3; P = 0.0001), the percentages of correct days were 83.6 and 89.4%, the percentages of subjects who took the medication at the prescribed time were 79.89 and 88.06%, and the levels of therapeutic cover were 86.7 and 93.1%. The number needed to treat to avoid one case of non-compliance was 5.6 patients. The differences in the mean decreases in BP were significant for diastolic BP, with a greater decrease observed in the IG. CONCLUSIONS: An HBPM programme using electronic monitors is effective in improving compliance in arterial hypertension, measured using the MEMS.