Therapeutic Application of Flavonoids in Kidney Disease and Senescence: Quercetin and Fisetin

Kidney disease, a term encompassing both acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease, poses a major threat to public health. At present, the clinical management of kidney disease relies mainly on symptomatic treatment and renal alternative therapy. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a unique medical theory system which is different from modern medicine. The use of TCM for the prevention and treatment of kidney disease has made progress in recent years and has achieved much, including prevention of diabetic nephropathy and amelioration of glomerular diseases, etc . Chinese medicine and various natural products have demonstrated efficacy and safety in the treatment of acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease due to their multipathway and multitarget properties. For some time, people have been committed to finding strategies that interfere with aging and delaying the end of life. This search may have contributed to the prevention and curing of a variety of age-related diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and kidney disease. The isolation of active ingredients from Chinese herbs can provide inspiration for the screening of modern drugs. Cellular senescence is an important cell fate throughout the lifespan and is a pathological feature in the occurrence and development of acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease. This article summarizes the evidence on the efficacy of flavonoids in kidney diseases and describes research progress regarding quercetin and fisetin, the most promising flavonoid senolytic drugs. To this end, it focuses on the powerful pharmacological effects and broad application prospects of quercetin and fisetin in kidney diseases and senescence and looks forward to their feasibility for clinical application, with a view to providing potential strategies for the prevention and treatment of kidney diseases and the promotion of healthy aging.