Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Resilience to Counterfeiting

ABSTRACT This study explores how proactive organizational strategies—including commitment to anti‐counterfeiting, collaborative anti‐counterfeiting integration, Industry 4.0–enabled counterfeit detection, and government regulation—enhance pharmaceutical supply chain resilience against counterfeiting threats. Survey data from 283 supply chain professionals are analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling to test relationships among these factors. Results indicate that organizational commitment significantly drives both Industry 4.0–enabled counterfeit detection and collaborative anti‐counterfeiting integration. Industry 4.0–enabled counterfeit detection further strengthens collaborative anti‐counterfeiting integration across supply chains, significantly improving counterfeit resilience. A serial mediation pathway shows that organizational commitment to anti‐counterfeiting enhances counterfeiting resilience of pharmaceutical supply chains by enabling technological detection and fostering collaboration. Government regulations positively moderate the effect of organizational commitment to anti‐counterfeiting on counterfeiting resilience, emphasizing the crucial role of regulatory support. The direct link between organizational commitment and resilience is not significant, highlighting the need for technological and collaborative mechanisms to achieve resilience. The findings contribute to sociotechnical systems theory by demonstrating how technical capabilities and social collaboration jointly transform organizational commitment into effective counterfeit resilience in pharmaceutical supply chains.