Synthesis of Natural Products Using Nanoparticles: A Sustainable Approach

Nanoparticles (NPs) (1–100 nm) are recently applied as highly effective, recyclable, and selective heterogeneous catalysts in organic synthesis. NPs offer an extraordinarily high surface‐to‐volume ratio and distinctive size‐dependent properties. NPs can be utilized to accelerate reaction rates, selectivity and sustainability, creating opportunities for the synthesis of promising organic molecules. NPs as catalysts for several classical chemical transformations have gained more attention as they replace precious metals and furnish green, cost‐effective, and more productive alternatives for sustainable industrial processes. Although NPs have emerged as promising heterogeneous catalysts for numerous traditional chemical transformations, they have not found substantial utilization in the synthesis of complex natural products as well as the total synthesis of bioactive natural products. Natural products and their analogue play a crucial role in drug discovery and development programs owing to their high structural complexity, significant scaffold diversity, and three‐dimensional structures frequently. Hence, the present review aims to deal with the synthesis of natural products along with the total synthesis of secondary metabolites using NPs as the efficient catalyst in a key step for the first time. Moreover, it tries to highlight natural sources, structures, and biological activities of the promising natural products brilliantly.