This study aimed to identify the key aspects of vertical and horizontal coordination of economic interests among participants in concession projects for the development of transport infrastructure. The research methods included a critical review of existing literature, alongside analysis, comparison, systematisation, and generalisation of information. The study defined the circle of participants in concession projects and examined the crucial elements of their vertical coordination (state-concessionaire) and horizontal coordination (concessionaire – shareholders – creditors – project organisation – subcontractors – service companies). For each participant in a transport infrastructure development project based on a concession model, a set of interests and target indicators was formulated. These indicators were designed to ensure the stability of the implementation coalition. The primary issues underlying the coordination of economic interests related to the distribution of income, profits, responsibilities, and risks. The coordination of these interests relied on selecting mutually agreed-upon values for the following management parameters: 1) for the public partner – the economic benefit (profit) derived from transferring the asset to the concession; 2) for the private partner – income and profit from constructing the motorway and its subsequent operation; 3) for investors/creditors – the required funds to meet contractual obligations and project implementation, along with their cost; 4) for the designer – the scope and price of design work; 5) for contractors (subcontractors) – the scope and cost of construction and installation work; 6) for operators (road maintenance organisations) – the volume and cost of management services. The practical significance of the results lay in the fact that attention to these indicators during the establishment of the concessionaire organisation and its subsequent operation would have incentivised participants to pursue successful project implementation
Бондар et al. (Sun,) studied this question.