Critical evaluation of integration challenges faced by internationally educated nurses, highlighting the role of nurse advocates in enhancing support.
This article critically examines the integration challenges encountered by internationally educated nurses (IENs) within the UK healthcare system, with a particular focus on language and communication barriers. These challenges can significantly impact clinical effectiveness, team collaboration, and professional confidence. The author evaluates the role of the professional nurse advocate (PNA) in England in supporting IENs through restorative clinical supervision, as outlined in the A-EQUIP model. By fostering emotional resilience, cultural competence, and professional development, PNAs contribute to improved staff wellbeing and retention. The article concludes with evidence-based recommendations to enhance support structures and promote the sustainable implementation of the PNA framework across healthcare settings.
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Omowumi Romoke Salau (2026) studied this question.
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