The four major types of urinary fistulas are renal, ureteral, vesical and urethral. Urinary fistulas may be congenital or acquired. Symptoms depend on the type and site of the fistula. Diagnosis includes recognition of the fistula and determination of its cause. Treatment may require cooperation of the urologist, general surgeon and internist.
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Winter et al. (1959) studied this question.
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