MXenes and their composites: Emerging platforms for flexible energy harvesting and smart sensing

MXenes, a remarkable group of two-dimensional materials primarily consisting of transition-metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides, are rising as a transformative class of materials for flexible electronics, energy harvesting, and environmental sensing applications. The present paper provides a comprehensive review of advances in MXene synthesis and functionalization, as well as their synergistic combinations with other materials, including 2D materials and piezoelectric materials, highlighting their unique and outstanding capabilities. Furthermore, we systematically explore the diverse properties of MXenes, underscoring their multifunctionality and tunability, which position them at the forefront of technological innovation. • Introduction to MXene, its synthesis techniques, and different properties • Evaluation of synergistic effects of MXene incorporation into piezoelectric composites and 2D materials. • Exploration of multifunctional potential applications of MXenes.