Structural and institutional crises of the Russian economic system: impact assessment and development problems

Aim. The purpose of this work is to assess the impact and problems of the development of the national economy under the influence of structural and institutional crises within the framework of the anti-crisis measures applied by regulators. Methodology. The authors analyzed the scientific papers and statistical indicators of the Bank of Russia and found out that each economic crisis contributes to the creation of new tools to combat it, which further allows us to approach the next economic crisis more prepared. The study provides methods of comparative analysis, generalization and interpretation of the results. Results. The target of this study to analyze the causes and consequences for the economy of the four largest financial crises in Russia over the past twenty years: 2008, 2014, 2020 and 2022. The crises considered in the scientific work have one similarity, they were all provoked by serious events that occurred in the world at that time: sanctions, a pandemic and others. Research implications. The results show that the Government, together with the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, actively worked during periods of crisis to introduce anti-crisis measures, which allowed not only to effectively overcome crises, but also to show economic growth later.