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The aim is to explore how cyberattacks affect liability under the CISG and obligations of sellers and buyers.

Cyberattacks as grounds for liability exclusion in international sales of goods under CISG

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The aim is to explore how cyberattacks affect liability under the CISG and obligations of sellers and buyers.
Analyzed liability exemptions under Articles 79 and 80 of the CISG
Reviewed international case law on fraudulent payment instructions
Considered obligations to mitigate damages under Article 77 of the CISG
The CISG offers a flexible framework for disputes related to cyber fraud.
Liability largely depends on the parties' conduct and commercial diligence.
Emphasis is placed on the necessity for contractual safeguards in light of increasing cyber threats.

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The article examines liability allocation in international sales contracts when cyberattacks occur, suggesting legal implications.

Anna Kretková (2026) studied this question.

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