In vivo Antidiabetic Effect of White Frangipani (Plumeria acuminata L.) and Red Frangipani (Plumeria rubra L.) Flower Extracts and Computational Analysis on SGLT-2 Receptor

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder marked by hyperglycemia, often necessitating alternatives to long-term medications due to side effects. This study evaluates the antioxidant and anti-diabetic potential of white frangipani (Plumeria acuminata L.) and red frangipani (Plumeria rubra L.) extracts. In alloxan-induced diabetic mice, a combination of white frangipani extract (WFE) 200 mg/kgBW and red frangipani extract (RFE) 400 mg/kgBW reduced blood glucose by 57.7%, while a dose of WFE 400 mg/kgBW and RFE 400 mg/kgBW in the OGTT method resulted in a 71.3% reduction. The extracts significantly reduced glucose levels compared to the Negative Control, with no significant difference from the Positive Control group (p>0.05). In silico_docking analysis revealed that Plumericin, a major metabolite, had high binding affinity to the SGLT-2 receptor (-9.36 kcal/mol), close to the native ligand (-11.46 kcal/mol). Molecular dynamics simulations confirmed the Plumericin-SGLT-2 complex's stability, supporting the therapeutic potential of these extracts for DM treatment. This dual In vivo and in silico approach provides a comprehensive understanding of their therapeutic potential and supports further exploration of these extracts as candidates for diabetes treatment