Key result
Age 40 or older linked to ~236% greater hypertension risk in southern Benin custodial settings.
Why the study?
Although hypertension is extensively studied in the general population, further research is needed to understand the reality of hypertension and its associated factors within custodial settings.
Cross-Sectional (n=336)
Yes
The prevalence of hypertension in southern Benin prisons is high at 31.32%, with age and abnormal waist circumference identified as key associated factors.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
May warrant hypertension screening in similar custodial settings; leaves open prospective validation of risk factors.
Introduction: Hypertension, a non-communicable disease, is a major public health threat worldwide, accounting for a high level of morbidity and mortality. Although it has been extensively published among the general population, further research is needed to understand the reality of hypertension within the custodial setting. This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with arterial hypertension in custodial settings in southern Benin in 2023. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive, analytical study held in prisons in southern Benin from March to April 2023, involving inmates selected by two-stage random sampling. In the first stage, four prisons out of the six in the southern region of Benin were selected by simple random sampling. In the second stage, the prisoners were selected by systematic random sampling, with the sampling frame being the numbered list of eligible prisoners in each prison selected. Data collected by observation and questionnaire survey were analyzed using Stata 11 software. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg. Overweight was defined by a body mass index (weight/height2 (kg/m2) ≥ 25. Factors associated with hypertension were identified by multiple logistic regression, at a 5% threshold of significance. Results: Altogether 336 inmates aged 37.55 ± 1.72 years were surveyed. The prevalence of hypertension in custodial settings in southern Benin in 2023 was 31.32% (95% CI [17.06; 52.57]). Associated factors were inmate age (ORa = 3.36 95% CI: [1.94; 5.85]) and abnormal waist circumference (ORa = 2.61 95% CI [1.27; 5.40]). Conclusion: The prevalence of arterial hypertension in prisons of southern Benin (31.32%) is high when compared with the national average (25.9% (22.5-29.3)). The ministries of the Interior and Health need to collaborate to involve inmates in preventive strategies for non-communicable diseases, including hypertension.
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Mongbo et al. (2024) conducted a cross-sectional in Arterial Hypertension (n=336). Age ≥ 40 years vs. Age < 40 years was evaluated on Arterial hypertension (OR 3.36, 95% CI 1.94-5.85, p=0.006). In custodial settings of southern Benin, age ≥40 years (OR 3.36) and abnormal waist circumference (OR 2.61) were significantly associated with an increased risk of arterial hypertension.
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