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The rapid demand for efficient and reliable battery charging solutions for electric vehicles (EVs) has unveiled the limitations of conventional single-source chargers. To address these challenges, this research paper presents the design and implementation of a 12V dual power supply battery charger system capable of operating from both AC mains (grid) and renewable DC sources such as solar photovoltaic (PV) systems. The proposed system (charger) integrates a highly efficient power conversion stage with intelligent charge control to ensure fast, safe, and cost-effective charging. Automated source selection and discontinuous-mode soft switching are employed to improve flexibility, minimize switching losses, and reduce thermal stress. A prototype was designed and simulated using Circuit Wizard software, programmed in C++, and experimentally tested. However, results confirm stable operation with a constant 12V output from both grid and solar inputs, demonstrating enhanced efficiency and reliability. The proposed charger offers a sustainable and versatile solution suitable for domestic, commercial, and industrial energy storage applications.
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Eduku et al. (2025) studied this question.
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