Dietary Selection Pressures and Their Impact on the Gut Microbiome
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Implication
Review uncovers how lifelong dietary shifts dictate gut microbiota composition across diverse populations, highlighting the therapeutic potential of personalized nutrition.
Key Points
- To evaluate how dietary selection pressures shape gut microbiota structure and function across the human lifespan and examine the potential of personalized dietary interventions.
- Narrative review synthesizing evidence on dietary selection pressures—including early-life succession, regional customs, food insecurity, and dietary obesity—on the human gut microbiome.
- Nutritional exposures from early-life succession through adulthood serve as continuous selective pressures that determine microbial colonization, persistence, and extinction.
- Nutritional extremes, including food deprivation and dietary obesity, substantially disrupt microbiota equilibrium and contribute to adverse disease states.
- Tailoring dietary interventions to individual personal histories provides greater functional efficacy in modulating the microbiome than generalized nutritional guidelines.
Cite This Study
Ecklu-Mensah et al. (2021) studied this question.