Key result
Acute exercise reduces postprandial triacylglycerol ~13% vs control despite high trial-to-trial variability.
Why the study?
The study was conducted to quantify the response heterogeneity of postprandial cardiovascular disease risk markers to acute exercise using a replicated crossover design.
Does acute exercise improve postprandial cardiovascular disease risk markers and show interindividual response heterogeneity in men?
RCT (n=20)
Randomized
No
Does acute exercise improve postprandial cardiovascular disease risk markers and show interindividual response heterogeneity in men?
Effect estimate: Mean Difference -0.27 (95% CI -0.49 to -0.05)
Absolute Event Rate: 1.76% vs 2.03%
p-value: p=0.017
While acute exercise improves postprandial triacylglycerol and insulin, large within-subject variability prevents the detection of consistent interindividual response differences.
Acute exercise improves postprandial triacylglycerol and insulin; high within-subject variability leaves interindividual response heterogeneity undetectable.
PURPOSE: Using a replicated crossover design, we quantified the response heterogeneity of postprandial cardiovascular disease risk marker responses to acute exercise. METHODS: Twenty men (mean (SD) age, 26 (6) yr; body mass index, 23.9 (2.4) kg·m -2 ) completed four 2-d conditions (two control, two exercise) in randomized orders. On days 1 and 2, participants rested and consumed two high-fat meals over 9 h. Participants ran for 60 min (61 (7)% of peak oxygen uptake) on day 1 (6.5 to 7.5 h) of both exercise conditions. Time-averaged total area under the curve (TAUC) for triacylglycerol, glucose, and insulin were calculated from 11 venous blood samples on day 2. Arterial stiffness and blood pressure responses were calculated from measurements at baseline on day 1 and at 2.5 h on day 2. Consistency of individual differences was explored by correlating the two replicates of control-adjusted exercise responses for each outcome. Within-participant covariate-adjusted linear mixed models quantified participant-by-condition interactions and individual response SDs. RESULTS: Acute exercise reduced mean TAUC-triacylglycerol (-0.27 mmol·L -1 ·h; Cohen's d = 0.29, P = 0.017) and TAUC-insulin (-25 pmol·L -1 ·h; Cohen's d = 0.35, P = 0.022) versus control, but led to negligible changes in TAUC-glucose and the vascular outcomes (Cohen's d ≤ 0.36, P ≥ 0.106). Small-to-moderate, but nonsignificant, correlations were observed between the two response replicates ( r = -0.42 to 0.15, P ≥ 0.066). We did not detect any individual response heterogeneity. All participant-by-condition interactions were P ≥ 0.137, and all individual response SDs were small with wide 95% confidence intervals overlapping zero. CONCLUSIONS: Large trial-to-trial within-subject variability inhibited detection of consistent interindividual variability in postprandial metabolic and vascular responses to acute exercise.
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Shen et al. (2023) conducted an RCT in Healthy (n=20). Acute exercise (treadmill running) vs. Rest (control) was evaluated on Time-averaged total area under the curve for triacylglycerol (TAUC-TAG) (Mean Difference -0.27, 95% CI -0.49 to -0.05, p=0.017). Acute exercise reduced mean postprandial triacylglycerol by 0.27 mmol·L−1·h compared to control, but large trial-to-trial within-subject variability inhibited detection of consistent interindividual variability.
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