Ultrasound-Promoted Optimized Green Synthesis of 1,4-Dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole Derivatives and Their Antimicrobial Activity

Development of potent antimicrobial agents is a relentless topic of interest in therapeutic field and the medicinal field is always on the lookout for more advanced and effective antimicrobial agents. The idea to develop therapeutically effective agents by means of green chemistry is very enticing research area due to the rising threat of global pollution and constant human health hazards. To attain this goal, one-pot multicomponent synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole derivatives from diethyl malonate, aromatic aldehydes, malono­nitrile, and hydrazine hydrate in the presence of morpholine using water as a green solvent under ultrasonic conditions is reported herein. The structure of the synthesized compounds was confirmed through IR, 1H and 13C NMR, and mass spectra and elemental analyses, and their antibacterial and antifungal activity was evaluated against a wide range of bacteria and fungi. The proposed green synthesis is believed to be more effective in terms of reaction time, yield, and environmental friendliness.