Key result
Adopting five healthy lifestyle behaviors is linked to significantly lower physical, psychological, and cognitive multimorbidity.
Why the study?
Do healthy lifestyle behaviors reduce the risk of physical, psychological, and cognitive multimorbidity in older hypertensive individuals?
Cross-Sectional (n=17,728)
Do healthy lifestyle behaviors reduce the risk of physical, psychological, and cognitive multimorbidity in older hypertensive individuals?
p-value: p=<0.001
Adherence to multiple healthy lifestyle behaviors is associated with a lower risk of physical, psychological, and cognitive multimorbidity in older hypertensive patients in remote areas.
With the intensification of aging, the proportion of people affected by multimorbidity is steadily increasing worldwide. In remote areas of China, where economic development is lagging and healthcare resources are limited, the older hypertensive population may experience a higher burden of multimorbidity . However, comprehensive evidence is still lacking on how specific combinations of lifestyle behaviours (LBs) impact particular multimorbidity health outcomes in older hypertensive individuals. A cross-sectional study was conducted among the older hypertensive population (aged ≥65 years) from 1 July to August 31, 2023 in Jia County, a remote area of China. A total of 40 diseases were categorized into physical, psychological and cognitive disorders . Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models were used to estimate ORs and 95 % CIs for the associations between LBs and multimorbidity. Among 17,728 participants, the prevalence of physical, psychological, cognitive, physical-psychological multimorbidity (PPsM), physical-cognitive multimorbidity (PCM), psychological-cognitive multimorbidity (PsCM), and physical-psychological-cognitive multimorbidity (PPsCM) were 63.55 %, 30.12 %, 64.55 %, 22.31 %, 42.03 %, 22.57 %, and 16.74 %, respectively. Compared to participants without any healthy LBs, those with five healthy LBs were associated with a lower risk of physical, psychological, cognitive, PPsM, PCM, PsCM, and PPsCM. Overall, the risk of adverse outcomes decreased with the number of healthy LBs ( P trend <0.001). However, combinations of healthy LBs of the same quantity but from different categories exhibited varying impacts on the outcomes. Multimorbidity involving physical, psychological, and cognitive disorders poses a significant challenge for managing hypertention. Strengthening the capacity of primary healthcare workers to promote healthy lifestyle practices and identifying the optimal LB combinations should be prioritized in the management of hypertensive individuals in remote areas of China.
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Feng et al. (2025) conducted a cross-sectional in Hypertension (n=17,728). Healthy lifestyle behaviours vs. No healthy lifestyle behaviours was evaluated on Physical, psychological, and cognitive multimorbidity (p=<0.001). Having five healthy lifestyle behaviors was associated with a lower risk of physical, psychological, and cognitive multimorbidity compared to having no healthy behaviors (P trend <0.001).
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