Key result
The calcium-binding protein DREAM acts as a direct transcriptional repressor in the nucleus, regulating gene expression via the downstream regulatory element in response to calcium levels.
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Design
Review
DREAM acts as a direct Ca2+-sensitive transcriptional repressor in the nucleus, offering a unique mechanism for Ca2+ homeostasis and potential therapeutic targets in pain management and diabetes.
Calcium is a major regulator of cell function, acting as a second messenger to relay signals from the cell surface to other parts of the cell. It plays an integral role in contraction of muscle cells and it regulates cell growth and proliferation, as well as cell death (1). The present review will discuss how Ca2+ mediates these functions through the regulation of gene expression. This can be accomplished by Ca2+-sensitive protein kinases as well as phosphatases which activate transcription factors. It can also be mediated by direct interaction of Ca2+-sensitive proteins with regulatory elements within the DNA sequence itself. Special attention will be given to recent advances in research in the down-stream regulatory element (DRE) and its Ca2+-sensitive modulator DREAM (downstream regulatory element antagonist modulator; also named calsenilin or K+ channel interacting protein 3 (KChIP3)) (2).
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Sherry Sours‐Brothers (2009) reported a review. The calcium-binding protein DREAM acts as a direct transcriptional repressor in the nucleus, regulating gene expression via the downstream regulatory element in response to calcium levels.
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