Eccentric Training Effects on Hamstring Strength in Elite Pole Vaulters: A Case Study

Hamstring muscle injuries are among the most frequent injuries in sport and have a significant impact on performance and continuity of the training process. Their occurrence is particularly pronounced in sports involving sprinting and explosive movements, while the recurrence rate within the first year after injury is extremely high. Eccentric training is recognized as a key method in prevention and rehabilitation because it leads to specific adaptations such as increased eccentric strength, lengthening of biceps femoris muscle fascicles, and improved neuromuscular control. This study, conducted as a case study on a homogeneous group of elite pole vaulters, aimed to examine the effects of an eleven-week eccentric program on isometric strength of hamstring muscles at knee flexion angles of 10°, 45° and 90°. The sample included five senior-level athletes, multiple participants in national and international competitions. The training program included Nordic hamstring exercise, Romanian deadlift, single-leg Romanian deadlift, and isolation exercises on machines with emphasis on the eccentric phase of movement. Results showed that although differences between initial and final measurements were not statistically significant (p > .05), effect sizes indicated moderate-to-large effects. The greatest increase was recorded at the 10° angle (r = .78). These findings are in line with previous research confirming that eccentric training increases muscle strength and reduces injury risk, thus further emphasizing its importance in planning and implementing training programs.