Proof-of-concept study demonstrates noninvasive metabolomics for early diagnosis and monitoring of Parkinson's Disease.
= 0.049), reflecting the burden of neurodegeneration. Our findings demonstrate that breath metabolomics represents a noninvasive, rapid, and scalable approach with substantial clinical potential for PD screening and disease monitoring. The eMS system provides a promising strategy to support early PD diagnosis and dynamic monitoring of disease progression.
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Xian et al. (2026) studied this question.
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