C28-22 Healthcare Resource Utilization Following Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) or Human Metapneumovirus (hMPV) Diagnosis in Adults With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): A Retrospective, Self-controlled Claims-based Study

Rationale Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human metapneumovirus (hMPV) are viral pathogens known to cause acute respiratory infections that can progress to severe lower respiratory tract infections, especially among those with underlying conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), contributing to substantial public health burden. While the burden of RSV has been extensively studied, testing for hMPV is less frequent and its burden is less understood. Furthermore, the epidemiology of both viruses was disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic, leading to limited post-pandemic data on healthcare resource utilization (HCRU). This study sought to address critical gaps in post-pandemic data by quantifying HCRU following RSV and hMPV infections in adults with comorbid COPD. Methods This retrospective, self-controlled cohort study utilized claims data from Komodo Health to identify adult patients with COPD in the United States with ICD-10-CM codes for hMPV or RSV recorded between March 1, 2021, and December 31, 2024. A longitudinal, calendar-aligned pre/post modeling framework was used to estimate mean HCRU before and after infection. Outcomes were estimated using generalized estimating equations, with patients contributing month-level observations for the baseline (12 months) and follow-up (up to 12 months) periods. Disease-related HCRU was derived by calculating mean monthly differences between baseline and follow-up estimates and annualized to provide long-term estimates of burden. Results Included patients with COPD were, on average, 71 years old at the time of hMPV or RSV diagnosis and mostly female and non-Hispanic White (Table 1). Compared with the first month of the baseline period (prior to hMPV or RSV diagnosis), those diagnosed with hMPV experienced an average increase of 0.71 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.56, 0.87) inpatient stays and 1.97 (95% CI: 1.88, 2.05) additional outpatient encounters in the first 30 days after diagnosis, while those diagnosed with RSV experienced an average increase of 0.52 (95% CI: 0.42, 0.63) inpatient stays and 1.73 (95% CI: 1.68, 1.78) additional outpatient encounters. Annualized estimates revealed patients with COPD and hMPV experienced, on average, 2.78 (95% CI: 1.30, 4.26) additional inpatient stays within the first 12 months following diagnosis compared to the 12 months prior to hMPV diagnosis. Results were similar among patients with COPD and RSV. Conclusions These findings highlight the healthcare burden associated with RSV and hMPV infections in patients with COPD and underscore the need for targeted interventions to reduce both RSV and hMPV infections as well as related healthcare utilization in this vulnerable population. This abstract is funded by: AstraZeneca