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May 20, 2026American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

A69-03 The Perils of Pneumocystis Pneumonia, Paradoxical Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome and Related Pulmonary Pathologies: A Case Report and Literature Review

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Authors

EPE PolintanAKA KhadgaSDS Dawadi

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Overview

Case report examines Pneumocystis pneumonia complications, treatment outcomes, and mortality risk in HIV patients.

Key Points

  • To highlight the risks and complexities associated with Pneumocystis pneumonia and IRIS in an HIV patient.
  • Case report of a 29-year-old female with HIV and Pneumocystis pneumonia
  • Treatment involved TMP-SMX and ART initiation with BIC/FTC/TAF
  • Use of bronchoscopy and BAL for diagnostic confirmation.
  • Patient developed pneumothorax post-procedure requiring chest tube placement
  • PJP recurrence and IRIS observed but no elevated mortality among patients after ART initiation
  • TMP-SMX proved effective for treatment despite complications.

Cite This Study

Polintan et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a0d5078f03e14405aa9c50ehttps://doi.org/10.1093/ajrccm/aamag162.4178
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1A69-02 When One Infection Isn’t Enough: Severe PJP With Bilateral Pneumothoraces and MAC Co-infection in Newly Diagnosed HIV2026
  2. 2B72-29 Persistent Bullous Lung Disease Following Severe Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia in an ART-Naïve HIV Patient2026
  3. 3Non-HIV Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia–associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: a case report and systematic review2026 · 1 citations
  4. 4B72-34 Consider, Evaluate, and Treat for Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia Regardless of Presumed Immunocompetent Status2026
  5. 5Pneumonia caused by co-infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Pneumocystis jirovecii leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome in an HIV-negative immunocompromised patient: a case report and literature review2026