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This protocol demonstrates efficient α-hydroxylation of β-keto esters using zirconium photocatalysis, suggesting a green approach to synthesis.
A protocol utilizing an in situ formed photosensitizer for the visible-light-induced α-hydroxylation of β-keto esters has been established, employing sustainable air as the oxidant. This method proceeds under mild conditions and delivers synthetically valuable hydroxylated products in moderate to high yields (up to 87%). Mechanistic investigations reveal that an in situ generated zirconium/β-ketoester complex functions as a photocatalyst, facilitating the transformation through an energy-transfer pathway.
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Li et al. (2026) studied this question.
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