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Chloramphenicol-resistant strains of Escherichia coli which carry the episomal resistance transfer factor R inactivate the antibiotic by enzymatic acetylation. In the presence of chloramphenicol and acetyl coenzyme A, cell extracts catalyze the formation of both a monoacetyl and a diacetyl derivative of chloramphenicol. Definitive identification of the reaction products as 3-acetoxy chloramphenicol and 1,3-diacetoxy chloramphenicol was possible with the use of thin layer chromatography and ultraviolet spectroscopy. A simple spectrophotometric assay of acetylation has been devised based on the disappearance of acetyl coenzyme A. Preliminary kinetic data for the acetylation of chloramphenicol and related compounds are presented.
William V. Shaw (Wed,) studied this question.
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